DC Voltage
Representation of the DC Voltage unit
![Josephson-Array](/dam/jcr:0c2c7066-899a-4830-abff-d5d19bd2515b/Josephson-Array.jpg)
Josephson DC Voltage Standard as Primary Standard
The representation of DC voltage at BEV is based upon the Josephson effect. Calibrations of extremely high-stable electronic voltage standards and of voltmeters with the highest resolution can be achieved with the Josephson-Standard.
Electronic DC Voltage Standards used as Working Standards
![Josephson-Standard](/dam/jcr:b06d5f22-1a56-43a3-8a7a-1493384c9f05/Josephson-Normal.jpg)
A set of electronic working standards is calibrated as a result of the high-precision representation of the unit of direct voltage through the Josephson effect. These electronic voltage standards use a hermetically sealed and heated zener diode as an internal voltage reference. The electronic voltage standards generate an output voltage of 1.018 V and 10 V.
Voltage standards and voltmeters are calibrated against this set of working standards.
Higher DC voltages are split by a resistive divider into voltages between 1 V and 10 V and subsequently measured with a voltmeter connected to the Josephson standard.